The Swiss army and military service: how it works
A militia army, compulsory service, civilian service: how the Swiss army works, the pillar of the country's armed neutrality.
The Swiss army is a militia army: most soldiers are not career military but citizens who serve while keeping a civilian job. It is the concrete extension of armed neutrality: being able to defend oneself alone, without an alliance.
Compulsory service for men
Military service is compulsory for men of Swiss nationality; it is voluntary for women. It begins with a recruit school, followed by refresher courses spread over several years. Those who refuse to serve for reasons of conscience can perform a longer civilian service.
A role beyond defence
Beyond territorial defence, the army provides support during natural disasters, major events or health crises. Its size, budget and exact role are regularly debated and put to a vote — the army is as much a political as a military topic.
Frequently asked questions
Is military service compulsory in Switzerland?
Yes for men of Swiss nationality; it is voluntary for women. A longer civilian service exists for conscientious objectors.
What is a militia army?
An army made up mostly of citizens who keep a civilian job and serve periodically, rather than of full-time career soldiers.
Related reading
- Swiss neutrality: where it comes from and what it means
Armed neutrality since 1815, neither NATO nor EU, but a UN member: what Swiss neutrality really is, and why it is debated today.
- The Swiss political system: Federal Council, Parliament, cantons
A seven-member government, a two-chamber Parliament, 26 cantons and direct democracy: how the Swiss political system really works.